UserToolBench - Lack of Information: leaderboard
Metric: Exact trajectory accuracy (%; lack-of-information tasks, where the model must ask for clarification or infer the missing constraint from prior behavior; a trajectory counts when it matches the profile-conditioned reference: the tool name and decision-relevant arguments, the ordered call sequence for multi-tool tasks, or the correct clarify-or-infer decision when information is missing; 799 profile-hidden evaluation instances from long-horizon interaction trajectories of 10 privacy-sanitized user profiles over 36 tool sets; the model sees the interaction history, the current request and the tool schemas but not the profile). Source: arxiv.org. Saturation forecast: Around 2030. 9 models tracked.
Top models
| # | Model | Score |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | GPT-5.4 | 42.22 |
| 2 | GLM-5 | 39.07 |
| 3 | Kimi K2.6 | 37.2 |
| 4 | DeepSeek V4 Pro | 32.29 |
| 5 | Gemini 3.5 Flash | 19.99 |
| 6 | Qwen 3.6 Plus | 19.52 |
Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=usertoolbench-lack-of-information · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-09-29.