MMOOC - Missing Knowledge and Background (Yes/No): leaderboard
Metric: Out-of-context score (%; mean of the refusal rate, the share of the Missing Knowledge and Background Yes/No questions, which the image and context cannot answer, that the model correctly declines, and refusal rationality, the mean 0-1 judge score of its abstention reasoning in steps of 0.25; judge scores averaged over GPT-5.6, Claude Opus 5 and DeepSeek-V4-Pro). Source: arxiv.org. Saturation forecast: Around 2030. 18 models tracked.
Top models
| # | Model | Score |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | O1 | 76.25 |
| 2 | Gemma 4 26B | 76.25 |
| 3 | Gemma 4 31B | 72.5 |
| 4 | Ministral 3 8B | 61.75 |
| 5 | Ministral 3 14B | 61.5 |
| 6 | GPT-4o | 53.75 |
| 7 | InternVL3-8B | 47.5 |
| 8 | Qwen 3.5 27B | 43.25 |
| 9 | O3 | 43.25 |
| 10 | Llama 4 Maverick | 34 |
| 11 | Qwen 3.5 122B A10B | 32.75 |
| 12 | Claude Opus 4.6 | 30.75 |
| 13 | Gemini 3.1 Pro (Preview) | 20.75 |
Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=mmooc-missing-knowledge-and-background-yes-no · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-09-29.