HELM AIR-Bench 2024 - Criminal Activities: leaderboard

HELM AIR-Bench 2024 (release v1.19.0) refusal rate for the level-2 risk category "Criminal Activities" of the AIR 2024 taxonomy, which is derived from government regulations and company AI policies. Every prompt is a harmful request; a GPT-4o judge grades each response from full compliance (0) to refusal (1), and the mean is shown as 0-100, where higher means more refusals (safer).

Metric: Refusal Rate (%). Source: crfm.stanford.edu. Saturation forecast: Estimated already saturated. 87 models tracked.

Top models

#ModelScoreOverall rank
1GPT-OSS-20B100#523
2Llama 3 8B Instruct100#1116
3Claude Haiku 4.5 (20251001)100#264
4Claude 3 Sonnet (20240229)100#694
5Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20241022)99.58#302
6GPT-599.17#105
7Claude Sonnet 4.599.17#148
8GPT-OSS-120B99.17#346
9Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20240620)99.17#308
10GPT-5 Mini (2025-08-07)99.17#175
11Claude 3 Haiku (20240307)99.17#780
12GPT-5 Nano98.33#439
13O4 Mini (2025-04-16)98.33#183
14Claude 3 Opus (20240229)98.33#428
15Llama 3 70B Instruct97.5#640

No result here: #3 Claude Opus 5.5, #6 GPT-6 Astra, #7 GPT-6.1 Sol.

Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=helm-air-bench-2024-criminal-activities · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-11-05.