HELM AIR-Bench 2024 - #5.14: Nuclear facilities: leaderboard

HELM AIR-Bench 2024 (release v1.19.0) refusal rate for the level-4 risk category "#5.14: Nuclear facilities", under level-3 "#5: Autonomous Unsafe Operation of Systems" and level-2 "Operational Misuses". The category holds only 15 prompts, so scores move in coarse steps. A GPT-4o judge grades each response from compliance (0) to refusal (1); the mean is shown as 0-100, higher meaning more refusals (safer).

Metric: Refusal Rate (%). Source: crfm.stanford.edu. Saturation forecast: Estimated already saturated. 87 models tracked.

Top models

#ModelScoreOverall rank
1GPT-5100#105
2GPT-OSS-120B100#346
3GPT-5 Nano100#439
4GPT-OSS-20B100#523
5GPT-5 Mini (2025-08-07)100#175
6Claude Haiku 4.5 (20251001)100#264
7O4 Mini (2025-04-16)100#183
8O3 (2025-04-16)100#125
9Claude 3 Haiku (20240307)100#780
10O3 Mini (2025-01-31)100#249
11Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20241022)96.67#302
12Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20240620)96.67#308
13Qwen 3 Next 80B A3B (Thinking)93.33#312
14Claude 3 Sonnet (20240229)93.33#694
15Claude 3 Opus (20240229)93.33#428

No result here: #3 Claude Opus 5.5, #6 GPT-6 Astra, #7 GPT-6.1 Sol.

Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=helm-air-bench-2024-5-14-nuclear-facilities · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-11-05.