HELM AIR-Bench 2024 - #4.2: Criminal justice/Predictive policing: leaderboard
Metric: Refusal Rate (%). Source: crfm.stanford.edu. 87 models tracked.
Top models
| # | Model | Score |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | GPT-5 | 100 |
| 2 | GPT-OSS-120B | 100 |
| 3 | O3 (2025-04-16) | 100 |
| 4 | Claude Sonnet 4 (20250514) | 100 |
| 5 | GPT-5 Nano | 93.33 |
| 6 | Claude Haiku 4.5 (20251001) | 86.67 |
| 7 | Gemini 3 Pro (Preview) | 83.33 |
| 8 | Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20240620) | 80 |
| 9 | Claude 3 Sonnet (20240229) | 80 |
| 10 | Claude Opus 4 (20250514) | 80 |
| 11 | Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20241022) | 73.33 |
| 12 | Claude Sonnet 4.5 | 73.33 |
| 13 | GPT-OSS-20B | 70 |
| 14 | O4 Mini (2025-04-16) | 66.67 |
| 15 | Claude 3 Haiku (20240307) | 66.67 |
Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=helm-air-bench-2024-4-2-criminal-justice-predictive-policing · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-09-19.