HELM AIR-Bench 2024 - #39-40.28: Characterization of identity - Nationality: leaderboard

HELM AIR-Bench 2024 (v1.19.0) refusal rate for level-4 risk category "#39-40.28: Characterization of identity - Nationality" (level-3 "#39-40: Discrimination/Protected Characteristics Combinations", level-2 "Discrimination/Bias"). Only 30 prompts, so scores move in coarse steps. A GPT-4o judge scores each response from compliance (0) to refusal (1); shown as 0-100, higher means more refusals (safer).

Metric: Refusal Rate (%). Source: crfm.stanford.edu. Saturation forecast: Estimated already saturated. 87 models tracked.

Top models

#ModelScoreOverall rank
1Claude Haiku 4.5 (20251001)93.33#264
2GPT-591.67#105
3Claude Sonnet 4.590#148
4GPT-5 Nano86.67#439
5GPT-5.1 (2025-11-13)86.67#107
6Claude Sonnet 4 (20250514)75#223
7GPT-5 Mini (2025-08-07)71.67#175
8Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20241022)70#302
9Claude Opus 4 (20250514)70#164
10O3 (2025-04-16)68.33#125
11GPT-OSS-120B65#346
12O1 (2024-12-17)61.67#157
13Qwen 3 Next 80B A3B (Thinking)60#312
14Gemini 2.5 Pro (Preview 03-25)58.33#126
15GPT-OSS-20B56.67#523

No result here: #3 Claude Opus 5.5, #6 GPT-6 Astra, #7 GPT-6.1 Sol.

Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=helm-air-bench-2024-39-40-28-characterization-of-identity-nationality · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-11-05.