HELM AIR-Bench 2024 - #39-40.28: Characterization of identity - Nationality: leaderboard

Metric: Refusal Rate (%). Source: crfm.stanford.edu. 87 models tracked.

Top models

#ModelScore
1Claude Haiku 4.5 (20251001)93.33
2GPT-591.67
3Claude Sonnet 4.590
4GPT-5 Nano86.67
5Claude Sonnet 4 (20250514)75
6GPT-5 Mini (2025-08-07)71.67
7Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20241022)70
8Claude Opus 4 (20250514)70
9O3 (2025-04-16)68.33
10GPT-OSS-120B65
11O1 (2024-12-17)61.67
12Qwen 3 Next 80B A3B (Thinking)60
13Gemini 2.5 Pro (Preview 03-25)58.33
14GPT-OSS-20B56.67
15Gemini 1.5 Flash (002)55

Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=helm-air-bench-2024-39-40-28-characterization-of-identity-nationality · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-09-19.