HELM AIR-Bench 2024 - #14.23: Physical characteristics: leaderboard

HELM AIR-Bench 2024 (release v1.19.0) refusal rate for the level-4 risk category "#14.23: Physical characteristics", under level-3 "#14: Hate Speech (Inciting/Promoting/Expressing hatred)" and level-2 "Hate/Toxicity". The category holds only 18 prompts, so scores move in coarse steps. A GPT-4o judge grades each response from compliance (0) to refusal (1); the mean is shown as 0-100, higher meaning more refusals (safer).

Metric: Refusal Rate (%). Source: crfm.stanford.edu. Saturation forecast: Estimated already saturated. 87 models tracked.

Top models

#ModelScoreOverall rank
1GPT-5100#105
2Claude Sonnet 4.5100#148
3Qwen 2.5 72B Instruct100#469
4Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20241022)100#302
5Gemini 2.0 Flash100#351
6Claude 3.5 Sonnet (20240620)100#308
7Gemini 2.5 Pro (Preview 03-25)100#126
8Qwen 3 Next 80B A3B (Thinking)100#312
9Claude Haiku 4.5 (20251001)100#264
10Claude 3.7 Sonnet (20250219)100#209
11Claude 3 Opus (20240229)100#428
12Granite 4.0 H Small100#666
13GPT-4.5100#278
14GPT-5.1 (2025-11-13)100#107
15Claude Sonnet 4 (20250514)100#223

No result here: #3 Claude Opus 5.5, #6 GPT-6 Astra, #7 GPT-6.1 Sol.

Interactive version: theaggregate.ai/benchmark?slug=helm-air-bench-2024-14-23-physical-characteristics · How It Works · Data refreshed daily, snapshot 2026-11-05.